Main grape varieties in the Netherlands

Grape varietyTypeCharacteristics
JohanniterWhite (PIWI)Cross involving Riesling; the most widely planted PIWI in the Netherlands. Powerful and fruity with ripe acidity: melon, lime, grapefruit, quince
SolarisWhite (PIWI)Very early-ripening, with a thin skin and prone to rot. Aromatic, powerful and full-bodied: quince, plum, almond, caramel
RegentRed (PIWI)Frost-tolerant and productive; for a long time the most widely planted black grape variety. Merlot-like: ripe plum, cherry, red pepper; often used in blends
RondoRed (PIWI)Early-ripening, widely used in cuvées. Deep red, light acidity, cherry, plum, smoke, wild berry; firm body and tannins
Cabernet CortisRed (PIWI)Cabernet Sauvignon x Solaris. Needs little light and sun; powerful and deep purple, with cassis, cherry, elderberry and pepper
Souvignier GrisWhite (PIWI)Good resistance to downy and powdery mildew. Sauvignon Blanc-like: melon, apricot, quince, long finish
MuscarisWhite (PIWI)Solaris x Muscat. Muscat notes, roasted nuts and tropical fruit; powerful with firm acidity
BronnerWhite (PIWI)Parent of Souvignier Gris; included on the PGI variety list. A more neutral variety, good for blends
PinotinRed (PIWI)Blattner cross; ripens around two weeks earlier than Pinot Noir. Deep red, soft tannins, forest fruits and black cherry
Cabernet BlancWhite (PIWI)Blattner, 1991. Elegant Sauvignon Blanc or Riesling style: passion fruit, gooseberry, lychee, pepper
Müller-ThurgauWhite (traditional)Synonym Rivaner; mainly grown in the southern provinces. Floral, round and fruity: nutmeg, green apple, lemon
AuxerroisWhite (traditional)Part of the Pinot family; one of the most common varieties in the Netherlands. Soft and rounded, with quince, melon and plum
Pinot NoirRed (traditional)Popular for new plantings north of the major rivers. Ruby red, delicate: cranberry, strawberry, red cherry, and plum when harvested ripe
ChardonnayWhite (traditional)In the Netherlands mainly found in Limburg and North Brabant; sensitive to spring frost. Quince and lemon, with vanilla and caramel from oak ageing
RieslingWhite (traditional)Aromatic and floral, with peach, apple and lime; fruity acidity. Also suitable for sweet wine
Pinot GrisWhite/grey (traditional)Mutation of Pinot Noir. Smooth and fruity, golden yellow, with pear and peach; synonyms include Grauburgunder and Pinot Grigio
Pinot BlancWhite (traditional)Mutation of Pinot Noir; intended to be drunk young. Peach, apple, lime and lemon (Weissburgunder)
MerzlingWhite (PIWI)Parent of Solaris and Monarch. Riesling-like but fungal-resistant; fresh, with light fruit and riper acidity
Calardis BlancWhite (PIWI)Permitted only since 2018; highly resistant to fungal disease and sunburn. Passion fruit and orange, suitable for sparkling wine
Cabernet CantorRed (PIWI)Freiburg, 1989. Deep red colour and spiciness; character between Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot
Cabaret NoirRed (PIWI)Formerly VB-91-26-5, known as Cabaret Noir since 2017. Cabernet character: dark cherry, juniper, clove, pepper
Satin NoirRed (PIWI)Thick skin, dark and concentrated; ripens around 10 days earlier than Cabernet Sauvignon. Blackberries, redcurrant, dark chocolate
MonarchRed (PIWI)Dornfelder x Merzling. Fungal-tolerant with high yields; Dornfelder-like, with more cherry, tannin and colour
DornfelderRed (traditional)Robust and not susceptible to fungal disease. Deep red due to its highly pigmented skin; strawberry, raspberry, berry and cherry
CabertinRed (PIWI)Blattner line (VB-91-26-17). Permitted in the PDOs Achterhoek-Winterswijk, Oolde and Twente; characteristics not available
SauvignacWhite (PIWI)Listed in files as Cal 6-04. Permitted in PDO Rivierenland and on the PGI variety list; characteristics not available
VillarisWhite (PIWI)Permitted in PDO Rivierenland and on the PGI variety list; characteristics not available
AcolonRed (traditional)German cross; permitted in the PDOs Achterhoek-Winterswijk and Maasvallei Limburg and on the PGI variety list
GewürztraminerWhite (traditional)Pink skin. Permitted in the PDOs Maasvallei Limburg, Mergelland and Schouwen-Duiveland
ZweigeltRed (traditional)Permitted in PDO Twente and on the PGI variety list (Zweigeltrebe N)